Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are essential in the development of therapeutic drugs; however, their intricate structures pose considerable synthetic difficulties. Our specialization lies in synthesizing a diverse array of carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, polysaccharides, iminosugars, carbocyclic sugars, nucleosides, locked nucleic acids (LNAs), glycopeptides, and thioglycosides.

We possess expertise in the complex, multi-step synthesis of carbohydrates, employing both linear and convergent synthetic methodologies. Our emphasis is on selective protection and deprotection techniques, which guarantee precise management of functional groups during the synthesis process. Furthermore, we have substantial experience in conducting moisture-sensitive glycosylation reactions, which enhances selectivity and efficiency.

We are skilled in the manipulation of triflates, azide transfer reactions, and oxidative transformations, all of which are crucial for altering carbohydrate structures for therapeutic purposes. Our capabilities extend to utilizing glycosyl donors, such as S-methyl and S-tolyl, facilitating effective glycosylation and structural variation. The purification and isolation of carbohydrates, especially water-soluble intermediates, necessitate specialized methods. We implement advanced purification techniques to achieve high purity and yield of the final products. Through our proficiency in carbohydrate chemistry, we contribute to the advancement of innovative solutions for pharmaceutical and biotechnological uses.

State-of-the-Art Carbohydrate Lab & Manufacturing Infrastructure:

Lab Infrastructure :

Our lab-scale operations support batch sizes of up to 100 grams with advanced purification & isolation techniques, including:

Ion Exchange Chromatography
Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC)
Bench top Lyophilizer (8L Capacity)

Manufacturing Infrastructure :

Carbohydrate manufacturing is conducted at our facilities in Hyderabad

Key Capabilities:

Telescoping Operations at a Commercial Scale
Chromatography-Free Purification Strategies
- Process optimization to eliminate chromatographic separations, using solubility and solvent-based extractions to minimize impurities.
Large-Scale Purification Techniques
- C-18 Purification: Up to 2 kg crude compound
- Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC)
- Size Exclusion Chromatography
- Strong Anion Exchange (SAX) Purification

Advanced Analytical Capabilities :

Our specialized analytical tools enable comprehensive carbohydrate characterization, including low chromophore and highly polar substrates.

Detection Methods for Low or No Chromophore Substrates:

Evaporative Light Scattering Detection (ELSD)
Refractive Index (RI) Detection
Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD)
Low Wavelength UV Detection

Analysis of Highly Polar Carbohydrate Substrates :

Specialized Carbohydrate Columns
Ion Exchange Chromatography for polar moieties

Counter Ion Analysis (e.g., Na+, K+, SO?²?, SO?²?):

Ion Chromatography with Conductivity Detection

API & Impurity Characterization :

LC-QqQ-MS & LC-ToF-MS for in-depth analysis
600 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectrometry

With cutting-edge facilities, optimized purification processes, and advanced analytical capabilities, and ensures high-quality carbohydrate synthesis and manufacturing tailored to diverse applications.